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ale·vism

Alevism (; Turkish: Alevilik, Anadolu Aleviliği or Qizilbash, Kurdish: Elewîtî‎) is a Perennial or syncretic , and local Islamic tradition, whose adherents follow the mystical Alevi islamic(bāṭenī) teachings of Ali, the Twelve Imams and the 13th century Alevi Muslim saint Haji Bektash Veli. Alevis are found primarily in Turkey among ethnic Turks and Kurds, and make up approximately 11% of the population; but recent figures suggest Alevis number in the region of 20 to 25 million. They are the second-largest Islamic sect in Turkey, with Sunni Hanafi Islam being the largest.After the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, a dispute arose about his legitimate successor. The Islamic community was divided into those who adhered to Abu Bakr, named Sunnis, and those who sided with Ali, called Shia. Concurrently, people who sided with Ali were called Alevis, defined as "those who adore Ali and his family". Therefore, some authors use Shiism synonymously with Alevism. However, Alevism is not Twelver Shiism, but rather its own Sufi centric form of Shiism. and although they share some common beliefs with the Twelver Shia, their rites and practices are different from Twelver Shiism. Thus Alevism incorporates Turkish beliefs present during the 14th century, mixed with Shia, Sunni and Sufi beliefs that were adopted by some Turkish and later Kurdish tribes.Alevis have strong links with Twelver Shia Islam (such as importance of the Ahl al-Bayt, the Aşura, the Mourning of Muharram, commemorating Karbala), but do not follow taqlid towards a Marja' "source of emulation". Some practices of the Alevis are based on Sufi and shamanistic elements of the Bektashi Tariqa.

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