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fused quartz

Fused quartz or fused silica is glass consisting of high-purity silica in amorphous form. It is different from traditional glasses in that no other ingredients are added to lower the melt temperature. Fused silica, therefore, has much higher working and melting temperatures than soda-lime or borosilicate glasses. Fused quartz is manufactured by fusing naturally occurring quartz crystals of high purity at approximately 2000 °C, using either an electrically heated furnace or a gas/oxygen-fuelled furnace. Fused quartz is normally transparent. The optical and thermal properties of fused quartz are superior to those of other types of glass due to its purity. For these reasons, it finds use in situations such as semiconductor fabrication and laboratory equipment. It has better ultraviolet transmission than most other glasses, and so is used to make lenses and other optics for the ultraviolet spectrum. Its low coefficient of thermal expansion also makes it a useful material for precision mirror substrates. Fused silica is produced using high-purity silica sand as the feedstock, and is normally melted using an electric furnace, resulting in a material that is translucent or opaque.

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